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README.md
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# Bioinspired3D
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Fine-tuned version of meta-llama/Llama-3.2-3B-Instruct using LoRA adapters for Blender code generation for bioinspired 3D models.
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---
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datasets:
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- lamm-mit/Bioinspired3D
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language:
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- en
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base_model:
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- meta-llama/Llama-3.2-3B-Instruct
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---
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# Bioinspired3D
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Fine-tuned version of meta-llama/Llama-3.2-3B-Instruct using LoRA adapters for Blender code generation for bioinspired 3D models.
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## Abstract
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Generative AI has made rapid progress in text, image, and video synthesis, yet text-to-3D modeling for
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scientific design remains particularly challenging due to limited controllability and high computational
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cost. Most existing 3D generative methods rely on meshes, voxels, or point clouds which can be costly
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to train and difficult to control. We introduce Bioinspired123D, a lightweight and modular code-
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as-geometry pipeline that generates fabricable 3D structures directly through parametric programs
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rather than dense visual representations. At the core of Bioinspired123D is Bioinspired3D, a compact
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language model finetuned to translate natural language design cues into Blender Python scripts
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encoding smooth, biologically inspired geometries. We curate a domain-specific dataset of over
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4,000 bioinspired and geometric design scripts spanning helical, cellular, and tubular motifs with
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parametric variability. The dataset is expanded and validated through an automated LLM-driven,
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Blender-based quality control pipeline. Bioinspired3D is then embedded in a graph-based agentic
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framework that integrates multimodal retrieval-augmented generation and a vision–language model
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critic to iteratively evaluate, critique, and repair generated scripts. We evaluate performance on a new
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benchmark for 3D geometry script generation and show that Bioinspired123D demonstrates a near
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fourfold improvement over its unfinetuned base model, while also outperforming substantially larger
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state-of-the-art language models despite using far fewer parameters and compute. By prioritizing
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code-as-geometry representations, Bioinspired123D enables compute-efficient, controllable, and
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interpretable text-to-3D generation, lowering barriers to AI driven scientific discovery in materials
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and structural design.
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## What’s in this repo (Hugging Face)
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This Hugging Face release contains **Bioinspired3D only**: a LoRA adapter that you load on top of the base model to generate **Blender Python scripts from natural-language prompts**.
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For the full **Bioinspired123D** agentic framework (retrieval + VLM critic + iterative repair), see the GitHub repo:
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https://github.com/lamm-mit/Bioinspired123D
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## Usage
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### Install
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```bash
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pip install -U transformers accelerate peft torch
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```
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### Load the base model + LoRA adapter
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```bash
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from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForCausalLM
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from peft import PeftModel
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import torch
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BASE_MODEL = "meta-llama/Llama-3.2-3B-Instruct"
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LORA_ADAPTER = "rachelkluu/bioinspired3D"
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# Set this to your preferred device, e.g. "cuda:0" or "cpu"
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DEVICE_3D = "cuda:0"
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bio3d_tok = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(BASE_MODEL)
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base_model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
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BASE_MODEL,
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torch_dtype=torch.float16,
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device_map={"": DEVICE_3D},
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)
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bio3d_model = PeftModel.from_pretrained(base_model, LORA_ADAPTER)
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bio3d_model.eval()
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def format_input(prompt: str) -> str:
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return (
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"<|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>\n\n"
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"You are a helpful assistant<|eot_id|>"
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"<|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>\n\n"
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f"{prompt}<|eot_id|>"
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"<|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>\n\n"
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)
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```
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### Load utility functions
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```bash
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def extract_blender_code(model_out: str) -> str:
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matches = list(re.finditer(r"```python\s*(.*?)```", model_out, flags=re.DOTALL))
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if matches:
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return matches[-1].group(1).strip()
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pos = model_out.rfind("import bpy")
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return model_out[pos:].strip() if pos != -1 else model_out.strip()
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def clean_blender_code(text: str) -> str:
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if not text:
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return "import bpy"
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code = text.strip()
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code = code.replace("```python", "").replace("```", "")
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code = re.sub(r"[\x00-\x08\x0b-\x1f]", "", code)
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if not code.lstrip().startswith("import bpy"):
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code = "import bpy\n" + code
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return code
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```
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### Generate Blender code from a natural-language prompt
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```bash
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prompt = """Write Blender code to make a cellular structure."""
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formatted = format_input(prompt)
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inputs = bio3d_tok(formatted, return_tensors="pt").to(bio3d_model.device)
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with torch.no_grad():
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outputs = bio3d_model.generate(
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**inputs,
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max_new_tokens=2048,
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do_sample=True,
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temperature=0.1,
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top_p=0.9,
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)
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raw = bio3d_tok.decode(outputs[0], skip_special_tokens=True)
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raw_code = extract_blender_code(raw)
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blender_code = clean_blender_code(raw_code)
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print(blender_code)
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```
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### Prompting tips
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Input: Natural language design intent (for example: “tubular structure with noisy placement”, “helical material with cylindrical fibers”, “smoothed cellular structure”).
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Output: A Blender Python script (intended to be executed in Blender) that constructs the requested geometry.
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To encourage explicit reasoning, append a variant of: “Think step by step.” to the end of your prompt. For example: "Write Blender code to make a tubular structure with z-aligned tubules. Think step by step."
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### Notes:
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This adapter is meant to be used with the specified base model. Generated scripts should be treated like code: run in a sandboxed environment and validate geometry as needed.
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## Citation
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If you use Bioinspired3D or the broader Bioinspired123D framework in your work, please cite:
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```bibtex
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@article{luu2026bioinspired123d,
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title={Bioinspired123D: Generative 3D Modeling System for Bioinspired Structures},
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author={Luu, Rachel K. and Buehler, Markus J.},
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year={2026}
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}
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